日常驾驶习惯对变速箱的影响

　　The impact of daily driving habits on the gearbox

　　驾驶习惯对变速箱的影响不容小觑，良好的驾驶习惯能有效延长变速箱的使用寿命，而不良习惯则可能加速其磨损，甚至引发故障。下面分别为手动挡和自动挡车型的驾驶者提供一些实用的驾驶建议。

　　The impact of driving habits on the gearbox should not be underestimated. Good driving habits can effectively extend the service life of the gearbox, while bad habits may accelerate its wear and even cause malfunctions. Below are some practical driving advice for drivers of manual and automatic transmission models.

　　手动挡驾驶技巧

　　Manual transmission driving skills

　　手动挡车型的驾驶乐趣在于驾驶者对换挡时机的精准把握和对车辆动力的直接掌控。在挂倒挡时，务必确保车辆完全停止，然后再挂入倒挡。这是因为倒挡齿轮没有同步器，如果车辆未停稳就挂倒挡，很容易导致齿轮打齿，严重损坏变速箱。例如，有些新手司机在倒车时，车辆还在缓慢向前移动就匆忙挂倒挡，结果听到 “咔咔” 的打齿声，这就是错误操作对变速箱造成的伤害。

　　The driving pleasure of manual transmission models lies in the driver's precise grasp of shifting timing and direct control of vehicle power. When shifting into reverse gear, make sure the vehicle comes to a complete stop before shifting into reverse gear. This is because the reverse gear does not have a synchronizer. If the vehicle shifts to reverse gear before it comes to a complete stop, it can easily cause the gear to trip and seriously damage the gearbox. For example, some novice drivers hastily shift into reverse gear while the vehicle is still slowly moving forward, only to hear a "click click" sound when reversing. This is the damage caused by incorrect operation to the gearbox.

　　从倒挡切换到前进挡，或者前进挡之间的切换，也一定要在车辆停稳后进行。行驶过程中，加挡时要先加速，当车速达到适合高一级档位的速度时，迅速踩下离合器踏板，将变速杆挂入高一级档位，然后缓慢松开离合器踏板，同时轻踩油门，使车辆平稳加速。减挡时，随着车速下降，当车速降到适合低一级档位的速度时，及时踩下离合器踏板，将变速杆挂入低一级档位，再缓慢松开离合器踏板，避免车速过低导致发动机抖动甚至熄火。

　　Switching from reverse gear to forward gear, or between forward gears, must also be done after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. During the driving process, when shifting gears, accelerate first. When the vehicle speed reaches a speed suitable for a higher gear, quickly step on the clutch pedal, shift the gear lever to the higher gear, and then slowly release the clutch pedal while lightly stepping on the accelerator to make the vehicle accelerate smoothly. When downshifting, as the vehicle speed decreases, when the speed drops to a suitable lower gear, promptly press the clutch pedal, shift the gear lever to the lower gear, and then slowly release the clutch pedal to avoid engine shaking or even stalling caused by low vehicle speed.

　　另外，换挡时要注意离合踏板一定要踩到底，否则会导致换挡困难，还会加剧离合器片和变速箱齿轮的磨损。而且，不要长时间将手放在变速杆上，这会使变速器换挡拨叉承受不必要的压力，加速磨损。正确的做法是，换完挡后，右手应立即离开档杆，让手自然地放在方向盘或其他合适的位置上。

　　In addition, when shifting gears, it is important to press the clutch pedal to the bottom, otherwise it will cause difficulty in shifting and exacerbate wear on the clutch plates and transmission gears. Moreover, do not place your hands on the gear lever for a long time, as this will put unnecessary pressure on the transmission shift fork and accelerate wear. The correct approach is to immediately remove the gear lever with the right hand after shifting gears, allowing the hand to naturally rest on the steering wheel or other suitable position.

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