济南地区车辆自动变速箱维修中，拆卸规范性影响维修质量，需结合其结构特点，按科学步骤操作，避免二次损伤。

　　In the maintenance of automatic transmissions in vehicles in Jinan area, the standardization of disassembly affects the quality of maintenance. It is necessary to combine its structural characteristics and operate according to scientific steps to avoid secondary damage.

　　前期准备要周全。车辆停水平工位，拉手刹、垫止滑块，断蓄电池负极 10 分钟泄油压。备专用工具：承重≥500kg 的变速箱托架、8 - 14mm 内六角扳手组、卡环钳、0 - 300Nm 扭矩扳手及带分区的零件托盘。拆放油螺栓，用≥8L 接油盆接油 15 分钟，观察油液（正常为红或褐色，黑且含金属碎屑说明零件磨损重），排净后装回螺栓（扭矩 25 - 30Nm）。

　　Preparation in advance should be thorough. Stop the vehicle at the horizontal workstation, pull the handbrake, pad the slider, and disconnect the negative terminal of the battery for 10 minutes to drain the oil pressure. Special tools for backup: transmission bracket with a load capacity of ≥ 500kg, 8-14mm hexagonal wrench set, snap ring pliers, 0-300Nm torque wrench, and parts tray with partition. Remove the oil bolt and use a ≥ 8L oil pan to drain the oil for 15 minutes. Observe the oil (normally red or brown, black with metal debris indicating heavy wear of the parts), drain it completely, and then reinstall the bolt (torque 25-30Nm).

　　外部附件按序拆。先拆变速箱与发动机连接部件：移开妨碍操作的部件，用套筒扳手松 6 - 8 颗连接螺栓，留 2 - 3 丝螺纹时轻撬分离，用托架支撑变速箱（接触部位垫橡胶垫）。再拆传感器与管路：拔车速、油温传感器插头，用尖嘴钳拆液压油管卡箍（标记位置），油管端口用棉布封堵。带冷却器的变速箱，拆冷却管路并记录走向。

　　Disassemble external attachments in sequence. First, disassemble the connecting components between the gearbox and the engine: remove the parts that hinder operation, use a socket wrench to loosen 6-8 connecting bolts, leave 2-3 threads, and gently pry them apart. Use a bracket to support the gearbox (with rubber pads at the contact points). Disassemble the sensor and pipeline again: unplug the speed and oil temperature sensor plugs, use pointed nose pliers to remove the hydraulic oil pipe clamp (marked position), and seal the oil pipe port with cotton cloth. A gearbox with a cooler, remove the cooling pipeline and record the direction.

　　壳体分解是核心。按对角线顺序松壳体固定螺栓（分类放置不同长度螺栓），用塑料刮刀划开接缝处密封胶。分离前、中壳体，检查定位销，平稳取出液力变矩器（防碰叶轮叶片），检查变矩器轴颈油封。拆行星齿轮组与离合器组件时，用卡环钳取卡环，取太阳轮、行星架做好啮合标记。

　　Shell decomposition is the core. Loosen the fixing bolts of the shell in diagonal order (classify and place bolts of different lengths), and use a plastic scraper to cut open the sealant at the joint. Separate the front and middle shells, check the positioning pin, smoothly remove the hydraulic torque converter (anti-collision impeller blades), and check the torque converter shaft neck oil seal. When disassembling the planetary gear set and clutch assembly, use snap ring pliers to remove the snap ring, and mark the engagement of the sun gear and planetary carrier.

　　内部核心部件精细拆。阀体总成：用内六角扳手松螺栓（扭矩 10 - 15Nm），水平取出放铺橡胶垫的工作台，检查表面划痕和油道堵塞（用 0.3 - 0.5MPa 压缩空气吹通）。制动器与离合器片组：测活塞行程，用弹簧压缩器拆回位弹簧，按顺序叠放摩擦片与钢片（做好标记，沟槽深度＜0.5mm 需换）。带链条传动的，查链条张紧度（正常下垂 5 - 8mm），释压后拆张紧器再取链条。

　　Fine disassembly of internal core components. Valve body assembly: Use an Allen wrench to loosen the bolts (torque 10-15 Nm), horizontally remove the workbench with rubber pads, and check for surface scratches and oil passage blockages (blow through with 0.3-0.5 MPa compressed air). Brake and clutch plate assembly: Measure the piston stroke, use a spring compressor to remove the return spring, and stack the friction plates and steel plates in order (mark them, replace if the groove depth is less than 0.5mm). For those with chain drive, check the tension of the chain (normal sag of 5-8mm), release the pressure, remove the tensioner and then take out the chain.

　　拆卸后清洁检查。零件用中性溶剂泡 30 分钟，软毛刷清洗（重点齿轮齿面、阀体油道），磁棒吸金属碎屑（片状提示离合器磨损，颗粒状可能轴承损坏）。查壳体结合面（平面度偏差≤0.05mm，轻微划痕用 800 目砂纸顺向磨），测轴承与轴颈间隙（正常 0.02 - 0.05mm，超差换轴承），密封件全部换新。

　　Clean and inspect after disassembly. Soak the parts in neutral solvent for 30 minutes, clean with a soft bristled brush (focusing on gear tooth surfaces and valve body oil passages), and use a magnetic rod to suck up metal debris (disc indicates clutch wear, particle may cause bearing damage). Check the joint surface of the shell (flatness deviation ≤ 0.05mm, slight scratches should be ground forward with 800 grit sandpaper), measure the clearance between the bearing and the shaft neck (normal 0.02-0.05mm, replace the bearing if it exceeds the tolerance), and replace all seals with new ones.

　　济南冬夏温差大，低温时塑料卡扣易脆化，拆前用 50 - 60℃热风枪加热；高温导致的油泥堆积，需反复冲洗油道。全程保持环境清洁，零件按序摆放，为装配打基础。

　　Jinan has a large temperature difference between winter and summer, and plastic buckles are prone to brittleness at low temperatures. Before disassembly, use a 50-60 ℃ hot air gun to heat them up; The accumulation of oil sludge caused by high temperature requires repeated flushing of the oil passage. Maintain a clean environment throughout the entire process, arrange parts in order, and lay the foundation for assembly.

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