变速箱发出这些“求救信号”？别犹豫，赶紧去检查！

　　Does the gearbox send out these 'distress signals'? Don't hesitate, go check it out quickly!

　　变速箱又称变速器，是用来改变来自发动机的转速和转矩，并能固定或分档改变输出轴和输入轴传动比的汽车配件。

　　A gearbox, also known as a transmission, is a car accessory used to change the speed and torque from the engine, and can fix or shift the transmission ratio of the output shaft and input shaft.

　　作为汽车的 “心脏” 之一，变速箱的健康直接关系到行车安全和驾驶体验，但很多车主对变速箱的故障预警缺乏警惕，今天就来科普8个变速箱异常的典型征兆，为你的出行安全保驾护航！

　　As one of the "hearts" of automobiles, the health of the gearbox is directly related to driving safety and driving experience. However, many car owners lack vigilance towards gearbox fault warnings. Today, we will explain 8 typical signs of gearbox abnormalities to protect your travel safety!

　　1换挡顿挫：像被人猛地“拽了一把”

　　1. Shifting jerks: It's like being suddenly "pulled" by someone

　　正常换挡应平顺无感，若低速行驶时（如2-3挡切换）出现明显闯动感，或踩油门后动力 “延迟爆发”，可能是离合器片磨损、阀体堵塞或变速箱油变质导致。

　　Normal gear shifting should be smooth and seamless. If there is a noticeable jerking sensation when driving at low speeds (such as shifting gears 2-3), or if there is a "delayed burst" of power after stepping on the accelerator, it may be caused by worn clutch plates, clogged valve bodies, or deteriorated transmission oil.

　　危险指数：★★★☆☆

　　Danger index: ★★★☆☆☆

　　后果：长期忽视会加剧齿轮磨损，甚至引发变速箱罢工。

　　Consequences: Long term neglect can exacerbate gear wear and even trigger gearbox strikes.

　　2异响频发：金属摩擦声或“嗡嗡”响

　　2. Frequent abnormal noises: metal friction sound or "buzzing" sound

　　01 怠速异响：停车挂空挡时，变速箱传来 “沙沙” 声，可能是轴承磨损或齿轮油不足；02 行驶异响：加速时出现 “呜呜” 声，伴随车身震动，需警惕齿轮啮合异常或差速器故障。

　　01 Idle noise: When parking in neutral, the gearbox makes a "rustling" sound, which may be due to bearing wear or insufficient gear oil; 02 Driving noise: There is a "whining" sound during acceleration, accompanied by body vibration. Be alert to abnormal gear meshing or differential failure.

　　危险指数：★★★★☆

　　Danger index: ★★★★☆☆

　　提醒：听见异常声音别硬开！立即熄火检查，避免 “小病拖成大病”。

　　Reminder: Do not forcefully open if you hear abnormal sounds! Immediately turn off the engine for inspection to avoid "minor illnesses turning into major illnesses".

　　3挂挡困难：档位卡滞或无法切入

　　3. Difficulty shifting: gear stuck or unable to engage

　　01 手动挡：离合器踩到底仍难挂挡，可能是离合器分离轴承损坏；02 自动挡：挂D/R挡时明显卡顿，甚至仪表盘提示 “变速箱故障”，多为电磁阀或换挡机构失灵。

　　01 Manual transmission: The clutch is still difficult to shift when fully pressed, possibly due to damage to the clutch release bearing; 02 Automatic transmission: When shifting to D/R gear, there is a noticeable lag or even a "transmission failure" prompt on the dashboard, which is mostly due to the malfunction of the solenoid valve or shifting mechanism.

　　危险指数：★★★★☆

　　Danger index: ★★★★☆☆

　　应急处理：尝试重启车辆，若问题持续，联系拖车避免强行操作。

　　Emergency response: Try restarting the vehicle. If the problem persists, contact a trailer to avoid forced operation.

　　4漏油渗油：变速箱油“偷偷溜走”

　　4. Oil leakage and seepage: Transmission oil "sneaks away"

　　变速箱油兼具润滑、散热和传递动力的作用。如果发现底盘有红色油迹（变速箱油多为红色），或油液亏损严重，需立即检查油封、油管接口或散热器是否破损。

　　Transmission oil has the functions of lubrication, heat dissipation, and power transmission. If red oil stains are found on the chassis (transmission oil is mostly red), or if the oil loss is severe, it is necessary to immediately check whether the oil seal, oil pipe interface, or radiator is damaged.

　　危险指数：★★★★★

　　Danger index: ★★★★★★

　　关键数据：油液亏损超1L，变速箱报废风险激增！

　　Key data: Oil loss exceeding 1L, increased risk of gearbox scrapping!

　　5动力突然中断：行驶中突然“失力”

　　5. Sudden power interruption: sudden "loss of power" during driving

　　行驶中踩油门却感觉动力骤降，发动机空转但车速不升，可能是变速箱内部打滑（如离合器、钢带磨损）。

　　Stepping on the accelerator while driving but feeling a sudden drop in power, the engine idling but the speed does not increase, may be due to internal slippage in the gearbox (such as clutch and steel belt wear).

　　危险指数：★★★★★

　　Danger index: ★★★★★★

　　典型场景：高速超车时突然 “失速”，极易引发追尾事故！

　　Typical scenario: Sudden "stall" during high-speed overtaking, which can easily lead to rear end collisions!

　　6故障灯亮：仪表盘报警别忽视

　　6. Fault light on: Don't ignore the dashboard alarm

　　若仪表盘出现 “变速箱故障灯”（类似齿轮的图标），或伴随车辆限制动力输出（如只能低速行驶），说明变速箱已触发自我保护机制，需用专业电脑读取故障码（如阀体、传感器故障）。

　　If the dashboard displays a "transmission fault light" (similar to a gear icon), or if the vehicle restricts power output (such as only being able to drive at low speeds), it indicates that the transmission has triggered a self-protection mechanism and requires a professional computer to read the fault code (such as valve body or sensor faults).

　　危险指数：★★★☆☆

　　Danger index: ★★★☆☆☆

　　误区提醒：别以为 “重启后灯灭就没事”，隐性故障可能持续损伤内部零件！

　　Misconception reminder: Don't think that 'the lights will go out after restarting', as hidden faults may continue to damage internal components!

　　7顿挫+换挡延迟：变速箱油该换了

　　7 jerks+gear shift delay: transmission oil needs to be changed

　　自动挡车龄超6万公里、手动挡超8万公里未换油，油液会因高温氧化变稠，导致阀体堵塞；症状表现：换挡时 “卡壳” 感明显，油耗莫名升高（油液内阻增大）。

　　Automatic transmission vehicles with an age of over 60000 kilometers and manual transmission vehicles with an age of over 80000 kilometers without changing the oil will cause the oil to thicken due to high temperature oxidation, leading to valve blockage; Symptoms: There is a noticeable "stuck" feeling when shifting gears, and fuel consumption inexplicably increases (due to increased internal resistance of the oil).

　　危险指数：★★☆☆☆

　　Hazard index: ★★☆☆☆☆

　　预防建议：按保养手册更换原厂变速箱油，重力换油或循环机换油需根据车型选择。

　　Preventive advice: Replace the original transmission oil according to the maintenance manual, and choose between gravity oil change or circulation machine oil change based on the vehicle model.

　　8异味扑鼻：烧焦味=内部高温预警

　　8 unpleasant odors: burning smell=internal high temperature warning

　　变速箱长时间高负荷运转（如爬坡、频繁急加速），可能导致离合器片、摩擦片过热烧蚀，散发出焦糊味。

　　Long term high load operation of the gearbox (such as uphill climbing and frequent rapid acceleration) may cause overheating and burning of clutch plates and friction plates, emitting a burnt smell.

　　危险指数：★★★★☆

　　Danger index: ★★★★☆☆

　　急救措施：立即停车散热，避免连续驾驶！

　　Emergency measures: Immediately stop the vehicle to dissipate heat and avoid continuous driving!

　　车主们要注意以上8个变速箱故障预警信号，在日常驾驶中，培养良好用车及养护习惯，不仅能大大节省因变速箱故障带来的维修费用，还能切实保障你的出行安全！

　　Car owners should pay attention to the above 8 transmission fault warning signals. In daily driving, cultivating good driving and maintenance habits can not only greatly save maintenance costs caused by transmission faults, but also effectively ensure your travel safety!

　　01 定期保养：自动挡每6-8万公里换油，手动挡每8-10万公里，选择原厂油液；02 拒绝暴力驾驶：避免空挡滑行、急停急加速，减少变速箱负荷；03 认准专业维修：优先选择4S店或有资质的变速箱专修厂，警惕 “路边摊” 低价陷阱。

　　01 Regular maintenance: Change the oil every 60000 to 80000 kilometers for automatic transmission and every 80000 to 100000 kilometers for manual transmission, using original oil; 02 Refuse violent driving: avoid coasting in neutral, emergency stop and acceleration, and reduce transmission load; 03 Identify professional maintenance: Prioritize choosing 4S stores or qualified gearbox repair shops, and be wary of the low price trap of "roadside stalls".