变速箱很大程度上决定了传动效率以及行驶质感，即便是发动机动力参数再强，没有好的变速箱加以匹配，那也是无济于事。因此咱们在汽车保养过程中，千万不能忽略变速箱的保养。那么在变速箱出现故障前，又有什么“前兆”呢？

　　The gearbox largely determines the transmission efficiency and driving quality. Even if the engine power parameters are strong, without a good gearbox to match them, it is useless. Therefore, in the process of car maintenance, we must not ignore the maintenance of the gearbox. So what are the "premonitory signs" before the gearbox malfunctions

　　01变速箱换挡顿挫

　　01 Transmission gear shifting jerks

　　现象：换挡顿挫的直观感受为汽车振动，顿挫感明显。

　　Phenomenon: The intuitive feeling of shifting jerky is car vibration, with a noticeable jerky sensation.

　　在行驶过程中，变速箱在升挡时产生的冲击、振动、顿挫感都比较强烈或者在急加速的时候有卡顿、耸车的感觉。换挡顿挫、无法升档或者部分前进挡无法使用，这些症状基本说明自动变速箱的「电磁阀」出现问题，不过更有可能的是变速箱油变质而需要更换。

　　During the driving process, the impact, vibration, and jerkiness generated by the gearbox when upshifting are quite strong, or there is a feeling of stuttering and shaking when accelerating rapidly. Shifting jerks, inability to upshift, or partial inability to use forward gears generally indicate a problem with the "solenoid valve" of the automatic transmission, but it is more likely that the transmission oil has deteriorated and needs to be replaced.

　　故障原因：自动变速器的换挡方式是依靠电磁阀配合变速箱油实现，变速箱油就像是“传动油”，通过电磁阀施加压力控制齿轮组的切换。如果变速箱油脏污或有过大的杂质，在阀体形成堵塞，导致电磁阀运动不畅，无法顺序实现对油压的调节，就会导致变速箱顿挫。

　　Reason for malfunction: The shifting mode of automatic transmission relies on the cooperation of solenoid valve and transmission oil. Transmission oil is like "transmission oil", which applies pressure through solenoid valve to control the switching of gear set. If the transmission oil is dirty or contains excessive impurities, it can cause blockage in the valve body, resulting in poor movement of the solenoid valve and inability to sequentially adjust the oil pressure, which can lead to transmission jerking.

　　02变速箱出现异响

　　02 Abnormal noise from gearbox

　　现象：车子在怠速时或行驶以及高负荷行驶过程中，听到变速器有异响，甚至很大的噪音，在挡位切换时有无节奏、沉闷的响声。

　　Phenomenon: When the car is idling or driving under high load, you may hear abnormal or even loud noises from the transmission, and there may be rhythmic and dull noises when shifting gears.

　　故障原因：长期高温状态下，变速箱油抗磨性能与润滑性能下降，变速箱内轴承、齿轮等部件出现磨损或严重磨损，或齿轮侧面有损坏。

　　Reason for malfunction: Under long-term high temperature conditions, the anti-wear and lubrication performance of the transmission oil decreases, and components such as bearings and gears in the transmission are worn or severely worn, or the gear side is damaged.

　　03变速箱漏油

　　03 Transmission oil leakage

　　现象：低挡位起步尤其费力，行驶过程中踩油门即使转速提升，车子却不怎么动，就跟没挂上挡一样。

　　Phenomenon: Starting in low gear is particularly laborious, and even if the engine revs up while driving, the car doesn't move much, as if it's not in gear.

　　故障原因：开车途中刮到底盘或变速箱内部密封件老化，密封不良引起的漏油。

　　Reason for malfunction: Oil leakage caused by poor sealing due to aging of the internal seals of the chassis or transmission scraped during driving.

　　变速箱油和机油作用一样，主要起润滑、清洁、降温、防锈、密封的作用，因此变速箱油缺少就会造成变速箱内部润滑不够，造成干磨，长时间干磨就会报废。

　　The function of gearbox oil is the same as that of engine oil, mainly for lubrication, cleaning, cooling, rust prevention, and sealing. Therefore, a lack of gearbox oil can cause insufficient lubrication inside the gearbox, resulting in dry wear. Long term dry wear will lead to scrapping.

　　04挂挡发动机熄火

　　04 Engine stalls when shifting gears

　　现象：启动汽车后，由P或N挡换入其他挡位时，发动机熄火。或是在行驶过程中踩刹车，发动机熄火（车辆无自动启停功能）。

　　Phenomenon: After starting the car, when shifting from P or N gear to another gear, the engine stalls. Or stepping on the brake while driving and turning off the engine (the vehicle does not have automatic start stop function).

　　故障原因：可能是锁止电磁阀损坏，或锁止控制阀发卡损坏。

　　Reason for malfunction: It may be a damaged lock up solenoid valve or a damaged lock up control valve.

　　若数次挂挡造成发动机熄火，要查看入挡冲击是不是很大，如果较大，需打救援电话。否则多次尝试，可能会造成变速箱大修。

　　If the engine stalls due to multiple gear shifts, check if the impact of shifting is significant. If it is significant, call for assistance. Otherwise, multiple attempts may result in a major overhaul of the gearbox.

　　05变速箱温度过高故障现象：在行驶过程中电脑报警显示变速箱温度过高，或行驶一段时间后触摸时感觉变速箱过热甚至烫手。故障原因：变速箱高负荷运转时无法有效控制温度，或者变速箱打滑也会使温度过高。

　　Fault phenomenon of high transmission temperature in 05: During driving, the computer alarm displays that the transmission temperature is too high, or after driving for a period of time, the transmission feels overheated or even hot to the touch. Reason for malfunction: The temperature cannot be effectively controlled during high load operation of the gearbox, or the gearbox slipping can also cause the temperature to become too high.

　　06换挡时间过长或过短故障现象：一般自动变速箱都是有特定的换挡转速和车速，在行驶的过程中，发现挡位升得快了，直接体现在车速上。

　　Fault phenomenon of excessive or insufficient shifting time in 06: Generally, automatic transmissions have specific shifting speeds and vehicle speeds. During driving, if the gears are raised too quickly, it is directly reflected in the vehicle speed.

　　故障原因：有可能是阀体太脏导致的，变速箱阀体脏脏会破坏变速箱油的质量和摩擦特性

　　Fault cause: It may be caused by the valve body being too dirty, as dirty transmission valve bodies can damage the quality and friction characteristics of the transmission oil

　　07入档汽车不动故障现象：在汽车启动后将挡位挂D或者R挡后，松开刹车后车辆没有任何反应，不向前行使。手动挂1挡，松开离合后，汽车不行驶。

　　Fault phenomenon of the car not moving when in gear: After starting the car and shifting the gear to D or R, the vehicle does not respond and does not move forward after releasing the brake. Manually shift into first gear, release the clutch, and the car will not move.

　　故障原因：可能是变速箱输入轴或者倒挡离合器出现损坏，或者D/R制动器损坏造成。也可能是变速箱漏油，严重缺少变速箱油导致，或者是汽车换挡杆和手动阀摇臂之间的连杆或拉索松脱，导致手动阀保持在空挡或停车挡位置。

　　Fault cause: It may be caused by damage to the transmission input shaft or reverse clutch, or damage to the D/R brake. It could also be due to transmission oil leakage, severe lack of transmission oil, or loose connecting rods or cables between the car shift lever and manual valve rocker arm, causing the manual valve to remain in neutral or parking position.

　　以上，主要跟大家分享了变速箱出现故障时的现象和原因，建议大家在日常行车、保养过程中注意变速箱的养护，一旦发现这类小故障及时维修，如果车辆继续行驶，可能会造成变速箱严重损坏，甚至报废。

　　Above, we have mainly shared with you the phenomena and causes of gearbox failures. We suggest that you pay attention to the maintenance of the gearbox during daily driving and maintenance. Once such minor faults are discovered, they should be repaired in a timely manner. If the vehicle continues to drive, it may cause serious damage to the gearbox, or even scrap.

　　由于变速箱对于咱们车子至关重要，尤其是不同品牌车系可能会有不同个性化问题现象，如果你的变速箱也有类似上述现象可以先在汽车大师小程序上找一个对应品牌的维修师傅问一问，避免因小失大，造成更大的损失！

　　As the gearbox is crucial for our car, especially for different brands and series, there may be different personalized issues. If your gearbox also has similar problems, you can first find a corresponding brand's maintenance technician on the AutoMaster mini program to ask, in order to avoid causing greater losses due to small losses!

　　最后，如果你有汽车故障维修、保养、用车等问题，点击下方卡片，进入提问，18万+多年修车老师傅在线回答，问答服务超过2.2亿次。

　　Finally, if you have any questions about repairing, maintaining, or using a car, click on the card below to enter the Q&A section. Over 180000 experienced car mechanics will answer online, and Q&A services will be provided over 220 million times.

　　本文由 济南自动变速箱维修  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.jnbsx.com/  真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan Automatic Transmission Maintenance For more related knowledge, please click http://www.jnbsx.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.