自动挡驾驶注意事项

　　Precautions for automatic transmission driving

　　自动挡车型操作相对简单，但也有一些需要注意的地方。首先要了解各个挡位的正确使用方法：P 档是驻车档，用于停车熄火时，此时车辆的驱动轮被锁止，防止车辆滑动。但要注意，一定要在车辆完全停稳后再挂入 P 档，否则会对变速箱内部的锁止机构造成损伤。比如，有些车主在车辆还未完全停稳就急于挂入 P 档，结果听到 “咯噔” 一声，这就是锁止机构受到冲击的声音，长期这样操作会导致锁止机构损坏，车辆无法正常驻车。

　　Automatic transmission models are relatively easy to operate, but there are also some areas that need to be noted. Firstly, it is necessary to understand the correct usage of each gear: P gear is the parking gear, used for parking and turning off the engine. At this time, the driving wheels of the vehicle are locked to prevent the vehicle from sliding. However, it should be noted that the vehicle must be completely stopped before shifting into P gear, otherwise it may cause damage to the locking mechanism inside the gearbox. For example, some car owners rush to shift into P gear before the vehicle has fully come to a stop, only to hear a "clunk" sound, which is the sound of the locking mechanism being impacted. Long term operation in this way can cause damage to the locking mechanism and prevent the vehicle from parking properly.

　　R 档是倒车档，倒车时使用。同样，要在车辆停稳后才能挂入 R 档，避免在车辆还在向前行驶时强行挂入 R 档，这会对变速箱内部的齿轮和离合器造成极大的冲击，严重时可能导致变速箱报废。

　　R gear is reverse gear, used when reversing. Similarly, it is necessary to shift into R gear only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop, in order to avoid forcibly shifting into R gear while the vehicle is still moving forward. This can cause significant impact on the gears and clutches inside the gearbox, and in severe cases, may result in the gearbox being scrapped.

　　N 档是空挡，作用类似于手动挡的空挡，一般用于短暂停车不熄火时，如等红灯时间较短时可以使用。但要注意，N 档不能在车辆行驶过程中随意切换，否则会导致变速箱油压不足，无法正常润滑和散热，从而损坏变速箱。另外，在 N 档时，车辆失去了发动机的牵制作用，刹车距离会变长，所以在使用 N 档时一定要配合手刹使用，确保车辆安全。

　　N gear is neutral, similar to a manual neutral gear. It is generally used for brief parking without turning off the engine, such as when waiting for a short red light. However, it should be noted that the N gear cannot be switched arbitrarily during vehicle operation, otherwise it will cause insufficient oil pressure in the transmission, which will prevent normal lubrication and heat dissipation, thereby damaging the transmission. In addition, when in N gear, the vehicle loses the engine's restraining effect, and the braking distance will be longer. Therefore, it is necessary to use the handbrake in conjunction with N gear to ensure vehicle safety.

　　D 档是前进挡，车辆正常行驶时使用。在 D 档模式下，变速箱会根据车速和油门踏板的程度自动选择合适的挡位。但要避免频繁换挡，因为频繁换挡会使变速箱内部的离合器和制动器频繁结合和分离，加速磨损，同时也会增加油耗。例如，在城市拥堵路况下，如果频繁地急加速、急刹车，变速箱就会频繁换挡，不仅会让乘坐体验变差，还会对变速箱造成损害。

　　D gear is forward gear and is used when the vehicle is driving normally. In D mode, the gearbox will automatically select the appropriate gear based on the vehicle speed and the degree of the accelerator pedal. But frequent gear shifts should be avoided, as they can cause the clutches and brakes inside the gearbox to frequently engage and disengage, accelerating wear and increasing fuel consumption. For example, in congested urban road conditions, frequent rapid acceleration and braking can cause the gearbox to shift gears frequently, which not only deteriorates the riding experience but also damages the gearbox.

　　此外，还要避免长时间 D 档踩刹车。当车辆挂 D 挡踩刹车时，液力变矩器无法将动力完全传递给变速箱，这部分能量会转化为变速箱油的热能，使变速箱油温度升高。长时间处于这种状态，会加速变速箱油的老化，降低其润滑性能，进而影响变速箱的正常工作。如果停车时间较长，比如超过 30 秒，建议挂入 N 档并拉手刹，这样可以减轻变速箱的负荷，保护变速箱。

　　In addition, it is necessary to avoid prolonged use of the brakes in D gear. When the vehicle is in D gear and the brake is applied, the hydraulic torque converter cannot fully transmit power to the gearbox, and this energy will be converted into thermal energy of the gearbox oil, causing the temperature of the gearbox oil to rise. Being in this state for a long time will accelerate the aging of the transmission oil, reduce its lubrication performance, and thus affect the normal operation of the transmission. If the parking time is long, such as more than 30 seconds, it is recommended to shift into N gear and pull the handbrake, which can reduce the load on the gearbox and protect it.

　　还有，千万不要用倒挡拖拽车辆。虽然有些变速箱倒挡变速比大，动力看似强大，但实际上很多自动变速箱的倒挡离合器无论是数量还是尺寸都比前进挡更小，所能承受的扭矩也更小。用倒挡拖拽车辆很容易损坏倒挡离合器，导致变速箱故障。如果需要救援被困车辆，应尽量使用前进挡，或者使用专业的救援设备。

　　Also, never drag the vehicle in reverse gear. Although some transmissions have a larger reverse gear ratio and appear powerful, in reality, many automatic transmissions have smaller reverse clutches in terms of quantity and size compared to forward gears, and can withstand less torque. Dragging the vehicle in reverse gear can easily damage the reverse clutch, leading to transmission failure. If it is necessary to rescue a trapped vehicle, try to use forward gear or use professional rescue equipment as much as possible.

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