在济南的车水马龙中穿梭，自动变速箱是车辆的 “智慧心脏”，默默协调着动力传输。但不少车主只知道开车，却忽略了它的养护，等故障找上门才追悔莫及。其实，掌握这些实用小知识，就能让自动变速箱保持 “年轻态”，在泉城的道路上一路顺畅。

　　In the hustle and bustle of Jinan, the automatic transmission is the "smart heart" of the vehicle, silently coordinating power transmission. But many car owners only know how to drive, but neglect its maintenance, and only regret it when the fault comes knocking on their door. In fact, mastering these practical tips can keep the automatic transmission in a "youthful" state and smooth its journey on the roads of Quancheng.

　　定期更换变速箱油：给 “心脏” 注入新鲜血液

　　Regularly changing transmission oil: injecting fresh blood into the "heart"

　　自动变速箱油堪称它的 “血液”，不仅承担润滑、清洁作用，还肩负传递动力、调节油压的重任。济南的交通状况复杂，早晚高峰拥堵频繁，变速箱长时间处于高负荷运转状态，油温容易升高，加速油液老化。一般来说，采用 AT（液力自动变速箱）的车型，建议每 4 - 6 万公里更换一次变速箱油；CVT（无级变速箱）车型更换周期在 6 - 8 万公里；而双离合变速箱由于工作温度更高，更换周期通常为 4 万公里左右。但如果经常在市区拥堵路段行驶，或频繁爬坡、拖车，建议提前 20% - 30% 更换，避免油液变质导致内部零件磨损加剧。

　　Automatic transmission oil can be called its "blood", not only responsible for lubrication and cleaning, but also for transmitting power and regulating oil pressure. The traffic situation in Jinan is complex, with frequent congestion during peak hours in the morning and evening. The gearbox operates at high load for a long time, causing the oil temperature to rise and accelerating the aging of the oil. Generally speaking, for models equipped with AT (Hydraulic Automatic Transmission), it is recommended to change the transmission oil every 40000 to 60000 kilometers; The replacement cycle for CVT (continuously variable transmission) models is between 60000 and 80000 kilometers; The dual clutch transmission, due to its higher operating temperature, typically has a replacement cycle of around 40000 kilometers. But if you often drive on congested roads in the city, or frequently climb slopes or tow trucks, it is recommended to replace them 20% -30% in advance to avoid the deterioration of the oil and the aggravation of internal component wear.

　　正确停车操作：别让变速箱 “背锅”

　　Correct parking operation: Do not let the gearbox take the blame

　　许多车主习惯停车时直接挂入 P 挡拉手刹，但在济南多坡道的路段，这个习惯可能让变速箱 “受伤”。当车辆未完全停稳就挂入 P 挡，变速箱内部的锁止机构会承受额外冲击力；在坡道停车时，若先挂 P 挡再拉手刹，车辆的重量会挤压 P 挡齿轮，久而久之造成齿轮磨损。正确的操作是：车辆停稳后，先拉手刹，再将挡位挂入 N 挡，松开刹车让车辆自然停稳，最后挂入 P 挡熄火。这样能减轻变速箱的压力，延长使用寿命。

　　Many car owners are accustomed to directly shifting into P gear and pulling the handbrake when parking, but on steep roads in Jinan, this habit may cause damage to the gearbox. When the vehicle shifts into P gear before coming to a complete stop, the locking mechanism inside the gearbox will bear additional impact force; When parking on a slope, if you first shift to P gear and then pull the handbrake, the weight of the vehicle will squeeze the P gear, causing gear wear over time. The correct operation is: after the vehicle comes to a complete stop, first pull the handbrake, then shift to N gear, release the brake to let the vehicle come to a natural stop, and finally shift to P gear to turn off the engine. This can reduce the pressure on the gearbox and extend its service life.

　　避免暴力驾驶：温柔对待更 “长寿”

　　Avoiding Violent Driving: Gentle Treatment for Longer Life

　　济南的夏天高温难耐，堵车时发动机和变速箱温度本就容易升高，此时若频繁急加速、急刹车，变速箱内部的摩擦片会因过度磨损而产生大量热量，加剧油液氧化，导致换挡顿挫甚至故障。冬天低温时，冷车启动后直接大脚油门，变速箱油还未充分润滑，同样会加速零件磨损。建议车主在启动车辆后，原地怠速 30 秒 - 1 分钟，待油温稍有上升再缓慢行驶，让变速箱得到充分预热。日常驾驶中，尽量保持平稳加速和减速，避免频繁切换挡位，给变速箱 “减负”。

　　The high temperatures in Jinan during summer are unbearable, and the engine and gearbox temperatures are prone to rise during traffic jams. If there is frequent rapid acceleration or braking, the friction plates inside the gearbox will generate a large amount of heat due to excessive wear, exacerbating oil oxidation and causing gear shifting jerks or even malfunctions. When the temperature is low in winter, stepping on the accelerator pedal directly after starting the cold car, and the transmission oil is not fully lubricated, will also accelerate the wear of parts. It is recommended that car owners idle the vehicle in place for 30 seconds to 1 minute after starting it, and wait for the oil temperature to slightly rise before driving slowly to allow the gearbox to fully warm up. In daily driving, try to maintain smooth acceleration and deceleration, avoid frequent gear shifting, and reduce the load on the gearbox.

　　关注异常信号：小问题别拖成大麻烦

　　Pay attention to abnormal signals: Don't drag small problems into big troubles

　　自动变速箱出现故障前，往往会释放 “求救信号”。在济南市区行驶时，若发现车辆换挡延迟、顿挫感明显，或仪表盘上的故障灯亮起，千万别忽视。例如，换挡时感觉动力衔接不顺畅，可能是变速箱油不足、油压异常或内部零件磨损；行驶中出现异响，可能是轴承、齿轮等部件损坏。此外，若闻到车内有类似烧焦的气味，很可能是变速箱油温过高，导致油液变质。一旦发现这些异常，应尽快将车辆送到专业维修处检查，避免小问题演变成大修。

　　Before the automatic transmission malfunctions, it often releases a "distress signal". When driving in the urban area of Jinan, if you notice a delay in gear shifting, noticeable jerking, or a malfunction light on the dashboard, do not ignore it. For example, if you feel that the power connection is not smooth when shifting gears, it may be due to insufficient transmission oil, abnormal oil pressure, or wear of internal parts; Abnormal noise during driving may be caused by damage to components such as bearings and gears. In addition, if you smell a burnt smell inside the car, it is likely that the transmission oil temperature is too high, causing the oil to deteriorate. Once these abnormalities are discovered, the vehicle should be sent to a professional repair shop for inspection as soon as possible to avoid minor problems escalating into major repairs.

　　远离涉水行驶：变速箱怕 “泡水”

　　Stay away from driving through water: the gearbox is afraid of getting soaked in water

　　济南夏季暴雨频繁，部分路段容易积水，此时驾车涉水存在极大风险。自动变速箱的透气孔会与外界连通，当车辆涉水时，积水可能倒灌进入变速箱内部，导致油液乳化变质。即使积水不深，车辆行驶激起的水花也可能渗入。若不慎涉水，应立即停车检查，观察变速箱油的颜色和状态。正常的变速箱油呈透明或略带红色，若变成乳白色或出现大量泡沫，说明已进水，需及时更换变速箱油和滤芯，并对内部进行彻底清洗和干燥处理，防止零件生锈、腐蚀。

　　In summer, rainstorm is frequent in Jinan, and some sections are easy to accumulate water. At this time, there is a great risk of driving in water. The ventilation holes of the automatic transmission will be connected to the outside world. When the vehicle is submerged in water, accumulated water may flow back into the interior of the transmission, causing the oil to emulsify and deteriorate. Even if the accumulated water is not deep, water splashes caused by vehicle movement may still seep in. If you accidentally wade into water, you should immediately stop and check to observe the color and condition of the transmission oil. The normal transmission oil is transparent or slightly red. If it turns milky white or a large amount of foam appears, it means that water has entered. The transmission oil and filter element should be replaced in time, and the interior should be thoroughly cleaned and dried to prevent rust and corrosion of parts.

　　自动变速箱就像车辆的 “精密仪器”，需要车主用心呵护。在济南这座充满活力的城市里，掌握这些养护知识，不仅能让爱车保持良好状态，还能避免高额维修费用，让每一次出行都安心又顺畅。

　　Automatic transmissions are like the "precision instruments" of a vehicle, requiring careful care from the owner. In the vibrant city of Jinan, mastering these maintenance knowledge can not only keep your car in good condition, but also avoid high maintenance costs, making every trip safe and smooth.

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